Feather Anatomy and Function

Feathers are unique to birds. They are a defining characteristic of the group, meaning simply that if an animal has feathers, then it is a bird. Feathers serve many functions in birds but most notable is the critical role feathers play in enabling birds to fly. Unlike feathers, flight is not a characteristic restricted to birds—bats fly with great agility and insects fluttered through the air several million years before birds joined them. But feathers have enabled birds to refine flight to an art form matched by no other organism alive today. In addition to helping to enable flight, feathers also provide protection from the elements. Feathers provide birds with waterproofing and insulation and even block harmful UV rays from reaching birds skin. Feathers are made up of keratin, an insoluble protein that is also found in mammalian hair and reptilian scales. In general, feathers consist of the following structures: calamus - the hollow shaft of the feather that attaches it to the birds skinrachis - the central shaft of the feather to which the vanes are attachedvane - the flattened part of the feather that is attached on either side of the rachis (each feather has two vanes)barbs - the numerous branches off the rachis that form the vanesbarbules - tiny extensions from barbs that are held together by barbicelsbarbicels - tiny hooks that interlock to hold the barbules together Birds have several different types of feathers and each type is specialized to serve a different function. In general, feather types include: primary - long feathers located at the tip of the wingsecondary - shorter feathers located along the trailing edge of the inner wingtail - feathers attached to the birds pygostylecontour (body) - feathers that line the birds body and provide streamlining, insulation, and waterproofingdown - fluffy feathers located under the contour feathers that serve as insulationsemiplume - feathers located under the contour feathers that serve as insulation (slightly larger than down feathers)bristle - long, stiff feathers around the birds mouth or eyes (the function of bristle feathers is not known) Feathers suffer wear and tear as they are exposed to the elements. Over time, the quality of each feather deteriorates and thus compromises its ability to serve the bird in flight or to provide insulation qualities. To prevent feather deterioration, birds shed and replace their feathers periodically in a process called molting. Sources: Attenborough D. 1998. The Life of Birds. London: BBC Books.Sibley D. 2001. The Sibley Guide to Bird Life Behavior. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Museum of Paleontology (University of California, Berkely)

The Taming of The Shrew Themes

Lets examine the two major themes that drive Shakespeares  The Taming of The Shrew. Theme: Marriage The play is ultimately about finding a suitable partner for marriage. The motivations for marriage in the play vary enormously, however. Petruccio is only really interested in marriage for economic gain. Bianca, on the other hand, is in it for love. Lucentio has gone to great lengths to win Bianca’s favour and to get to know her better before committing to marriage. He disguises himself as her Latin teacher in order to spend more time with her and to gain her affections. However, Lucentio is only permitted to marry Bianca because he has managed to convince her father that he is incredibly rich. Had Hortensio offered Baptista more money he would have married Bianca despite her being in love with Lucentio. Hortensio settles for marriage to the widow after his marriage to Bianca is refused. He would rather be married to someone than have no one. It is usual in Shakespearian comedies that they end in marriage. The Taming of the Shrew does not end with a marriage but observes several as the play goes on. Moreover, the play considers the impact that a marriage has on family members, friends and servants and on how a relationship and bond is formed thereafter. There is a form of elopement where Bianca and Lucentio go off and marry in secret, a formal marriage between Petruccio and Katherine where the social and economic contract is key, and the marriage between Hortensio and the widow which is less about wild love and passion but more about companionship and convenience. Theme: Social Mobility and Class The play is concerned with social mobility which is ameliorated through marriage in Petruccio’s case, or through disguise and impersonation.  Tranio pretends to be Lucentio and has all the trappings of his master while his master becomes a servant of sorts in becoming a Latin teacher for Baptista’s daughters. The Local Lord at the beginning of the play wonders whether a common Tinker can be convinced he is a lord in the right circumstances and whether he can convince others of his nobility. Here, through Sly and Tranio Shakespeare explores whether social class is to do with all the trappings or something more fundamental. In conclusion, one could argue that being of high status is only of any use if people consider you are of that status. Vincentio is reduced to a ‘faded old man’ in Petruccio’s eyes when he is encountered on the way to Baptista’s house, Katherine acknowledges him as a woman (who could get any lower on the social strata?). In fact, Vincentio is super powerful and rich, his social status is what convinces Baptista that his son is worthy of his daughter’s hand in marriage. Social status and class are therefore very important but transient and open to corruption. Katherine is angry because she does not conform to what is expected of her by her position in society. She tries to fight against the expectations of her family, friends and social status, her marriage ultimately forces her to accept her role as wife and she finds happiness in finally conforming to her role. In the end, the play dictates that each character must conform to his position in society. Tranio is restored to his servant status, Lucentio back to his position as a rich heir. Katherine is finally disciplined to conform to her position. In an additional passage to the play even Christopher Sly is returned to his position outside the alehouse having been stripped of his finery: Go take him easily up and put him in his own apparel again and lay him in the place where we did find him just underneath the alehouse side below.(Additional Passages Line 2-4) Shakespeare suggests it is possible to cheat class and social boundaries but that the truth will win out and one must conform to ones position in society if we are to live a happy life.

Wall Street Crash Free Essays

The businessman and two university students talked about their political point of view. Moreover, the boy looked at the businessman, stared at him, without once blinking his eyes or shifting his stare. The businessman knew about that so he struck up a conversation with the young boy and asked him that who he traveled with. We will write a custom essay sample on Wall Street Crash or any similar topic only for you Order Now The boy answered that his father was along and led them the way to find his father. Therefore, he minted at a long box and said there was his father who was shot in Detroit. The businessman promised that he would fix that immediately. That is a reason why one of the students laughed and asked about the millions of America lost their jobs and many also lost all their savings. In the story, the businessman who had a social position met the young boy whose father was shot in Detroit. The crisis of this story is the boy stared the businessman without once blinking eyes or shifting stare. Moreover, the boy led the way to find his father and pointed at a long box where his father was there and told he reason why his father died. The conflict is showed about the differences between rich and poor or knowledge between people who are on the outside and people who are on the inside. In addition, the businessman promised that he would fix the mistake – just for the boy, it is the story’s central conflict resolved. With regard to me, I think as one on the students in this story that this resolution of the businessman is not satisfying and logical. Because this mistake do not make only the boy and his father were borne, the million people bore it too. With the foreshadowing, the look of boy for the businessman was a staring. It was just like a curious look; but it was also a vague look. The author arranges the causal connections between events are clear and logical because in the beginning of story, the † I † character got on the train and he met the order characters then they had had a conversation before they found the boys father. In this story, the boy and the businessman are the story protagonist because they are two characters who have connection with the other characters and become the factors to resolve any vents or situations. The AD character is the boy and the businessman. The AD character is two university students and the † I † character because the boy and the businessman were showed their character clearly by the author. For instances, the boy showed eagerness, curiousness and his thinking apparently, when the businessman and two students had a conversation or when the businessman asked him where his father was and his thinking about the massacre at Detroit. With the businessman, he presented his angry and abrupt feeling or an expression of satisfaction on his face when one of dents had a wrong or right answer for his questions. Moreover, the businessman showed a sharp gasping feeling when the boy pointed his father’s place. With two university students and the † † character, they are the antagonists so the author do not present carefully their actions and feeling on each event. Like the † I † character, we cannot see the character’s speech all through the story. In addition, two university students showed their felling when they felt angry with the businessman’s answer for their wonder – riots and disturbances. With regard to the story setting, it was written in early sass. This story describes an episode that takes place on a train going away from Detroit to come New York. At this time, in any trains, they were the major means of travel for both rich and poor people of the united States. Moreover, â€Å"On the outside† shows the reader to see the effect of recovering economically from the stock market crash of 1 929 through ten years. It made millions of American lost their jobs and many also lost their savings, become poor and did not have anything. In the story, the author uses metaphor for he depraved economic to make poor people do not have the justice at this time. In addition, the simile was used to compare the thinking about riots and disturbances between rich people and poor people. The author also used the synecdoche to talk about rich people and poor people at this time and the character of synecdoche is the businessman- rich people, the boy and his father – poor people. The style and language of this story are informal because the author uses the short sentences for all answers and † Bosh † is an impolite word which the businessman said with student when they gave a rang meaning about riots and disturbances. In † On the outside the † I † character is the author. The fur coat was worn by the businessman and made him sunk deep in it which is a key factor. Therefore, we can easily see that a fur coat showed for us to know and imagine about the rich of businessman. In this story, the author used the first narrator. Finally, the story was named after† On the outside † because the author wanted to imply that people who are not in one or some troubles do not know and understand about the internal problems and meaning of these problems. How to cite Wall Street Crash, Papers

Google’s Human Resource and Recruitment †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Googles Human Resource and Recruitment. Answer: Introduction Google is an American multinational company deals with online products and services all over the world. The human resource management is an integral part of the companys organizational structure (Marchington, 2016). The employees are the pillars of the company. The HRM makes sure that appropriate candidates are getting hired and their needs are getting fulfilled. They select smart, intelligent candidates who will prove to be a beneficial investment in the longer run. They focus on talents more than some specific skills. Some well though recruiting strategies are applied in the process which is unique and different from most other companies. The employees get great opportunities and benefits working here. Google: Organization and Employer Google works mainly in the mission of organizing all the information in the world and make them useful and accessible globally. Larry Page and Sergey Brin founded the search engine in 1996 which has become worlds most powerful online search engine (Jackson, 2014). It has grown to be more than a search engine; it now deals with social networking, desktop applications, mobiles, operating system and other online services (Our Products: Google, 2017). Every employee is equally important for Google. The company is very open to new ideas of the employees. Not just great work opportunity, the company also offers great salary and various bonus and incentives. It creates such environment that employees can earn more and work on innovating new ideas through hardworking. As Google is one the worlds largest company, it has offices all around the world, so any person with talent and hard can apply and join Google. Google treats with the physical workplace as much they work on their virtual platform. Google offers a complete organizational culture in its workplace. Google generates huge amount of revenue every year so it always provides great opportunity for the employees to earn more. The employees get 20% of their work time in working on their own projects (Gersch, 2013) ). Google has developed a free working culture where the employees are provided with medical support, massage, yoga and healthy snacks. The employees get free lunch at the Google offices. The company wants the employees to always feel motivated so that they can concentrate more on their assigned task. Offering the employees to buy the Google share is a unique opportunity for the employees, through this strategy Google is making them an active member of the family, who will look after the family as his own. The company always gives importance to the employee health, the employees are free to choose their heath care programs an d offer medical leaves to them when it is necessary. New and creative ideas of the employees are always encouraged by the management and if the idea has potential the company offers them financial support to materialize the idea. People from all around the world work for Google and the company employs intelligent and hard working people irrespective of their cultural background. So, the working culture in Google is rich in diversity an open (Coleman, 2016). The employees engage in sharing lifestyles and ideas. As the company provides their service to every kind of consumer all over the world, the diversified ideas are required by the company. The employee motivation and performance is so successful in the Google because the work environment is so free, open and encouraging. It is even more prominent if someone compares the working culture of any other global company with Google. The company always encourages the employee creativity by providing them with flexible working environment and working hours. Human Resource Management Theories and Googles recruitment The human resource management can be defined as the process of managing the human resource of the organization in order to achieve the organizational objectives and satisfaction (Clegg, Kornberger Pitsis, 2015). Theories are important for the human resource management to work effectively. Maslows Need Hierarchy theory Maslows theory can help the human resource professional to improve employee retention, employee engagement, understand employee need and meet many organizational goals. According to Maslow in any organizational structure, the need-hierarchy is based on humans need for safety, physiology, social, self esteem and actualization (Taormina Gao, 2013). In the human resource management if the employees physiological needs are not met, they will take decision based on stability, compensation or safety. The human resources management of the company ensures that the lowest level needs of the employees are met properly so that the needs do not move further in the pyramid. The theory of need also includes constant change. Once one step of the need is fulfilled the need will step upward. So there pay rise must be measured and implemented such a way that it will motivate the employees for next few years. Herzbergs theory of two factors By conducting a survey on 200 engineers, Fredrick Herzberg has developed this theory. This theory is based on the employees good bad feeling related to their work experience in the organization (Alshmemri, Shahwan-Akl Maude, 2017). The research demonstrated that when the employees felt bad it was related to maintenance factors and when the felt goo it was about the motivation factors. The human resource management of Goggle is working their best to motivate the employees. They motivate the mothers by providing the children to be present in the working place. They recruitment videos also showed that the basic needs are provided to the employees generously, like the employees get free healthy food in the work place. The management believes that the life and work must be maintained well to work better in the office. The employees are provided with 20% of their work time are encouraged to invest on the own individual projects. The company believes that such creative activities and innovations will ultimately lead to organizational benefit. The paid maternity leave and other benefits are paid well (Truong, 2016). By executing management theories Google is significantly attracting fresh talents every day. Challenges Google faces in recruitment process The economic crisis brings difficult challenge for the HR department. Internal supply is more than actual demand in the market, which eventually results in employee lay off. In 2007 Google laid 6100 of the Double click employees and more than 10000 contractual jobs were cut off (Helft, 2008). In 2009 the company closes of many engineering offices and the 100 recruiters were laid off and it is still continuing. Though Google has been struggling to spread its business more than just a search engine but it has not achieved much success yet. This is having negative impacts in the development of Googles homogenous organizational culture which they follow in their recruitment process. Embracing different culture is appreciable but mange them in a singular direction often proves to be difficult in the real world. The employees working outside the main campus of Silicon Valley generally do not get so many opportunities and benefits. Google receives 3000 resumes every day (Cooper, 2016). Google often hires the recruiters on contracts. They work temporarily for the company, so the recruitment process is not as passionate as the company is towards its employees. A similar company Yahoo faced huge financial crisis with stock market crash. Google is recruiting an average of 1275 employees in every 90 days (BORT, 2015). This strategy might make the company face financial crisis. 10 newly recruited employees get irrational packages, which leads the employees believe that they can expect from the company whatever they want. The lower paid or already existent employees might feel as unfairly treated by the company . In such a high rate of recruiting the quality control appears to be most challenging. The recruiters have to manage so many candidates every day and mostly they prioritize their candidate data point. This includes their education, work experience, referrals and feedback from previous interview (Bradley, 2015). The time management for the Human resource managers becomes difficult as they could offer less time for the candidates scoring lower in the list. Filtering the right candidates becomes difficult as well. The recruiting process is often too long. And they do take more time to reimburse the applicants the travel allowances. There is always another side of the coin. Some employees feel differently, who left the company. Whatever they feel about the company, they spread it through social media and other people end up getting affected, which hampers their recruitment process as the future employees get confused by them (Edwards, 2016). Competitors like Fcaebook are hiring Google employees with experience and offering them higher than what they are receiving from Google. Google is failing to offer the employees in the competition as the other rivals deliberately offering high valued stocks. Recommendations Google has been generating its revenue from a same source for years. It might consider engaging with more partners. Google has a long way to go in successfully retaining and recruiting new employees. The company should adopt more detailed and smarter human resource strategies. The public image of the company must be taken care of properly to smooth the hiring process. To manage thousands of recruiting the apparatus should be off a global firm. Google should develop new businesses to decrease the employee turnover. Conclusion The human resource management of Google is creating and developing a dynamic, free and challenging organizational work culture. The company is adopting innovation and creativity to gain efficiency of the employees. The employees also must consider the policies, principles and values of the organizational culture. The leadership in the human resource management apply management theories and strategies to create a suitable working culture for the employees, who will work together to achieve the desired goal. References Alshmemri, M., Shahwan-Akl, L., Maude, P. (2017). Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory.Life Science Journal,14(5). Bort, J. (2015). Google's hiring may have slowed, but it's still adding thousands of new employees.Businessinsider.In. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.in/Googles-hiring-may-have-slowed-but-its-still-adding-thousands-of-new-employees/articleshow/48117685.cms Bradley, S. (2015). "System and Method for Optimizing Job Candidate Referrals and Hiring." U.S. Patent Application No. 14/736,181. Clegg, S. R., Kornberger, M., Pitsis, T. (2015).Managing and organizations: An introduction to theory and practice. Sage. Coleman, A. (2016).Is Google's model of the creative workplace the future of the office?.the Guardian. Retrieved 7 August 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/careers/2016/feb/11/is-googles-model-of-the-creative-workplace-the-future-of-the-office Cooper, S. (2016). Here are Google, Amazon, and Facebooks secrets to hiring the best people.Qz.Com. Retrieved from https://qz.com/675152/here-are-google-amazon-and-facebooks-secrets-to-hiring-the-best-people/ Edwards, J. (2016). Google employees confess all the things they hated most about working at Google.Businessinsider.In. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.in/Google-employees-confess-all-the-things-they-hated-most-about-working-at-Google/articleshow/55947110.cms Gersch, K. (2013). Google's Best New Innovation: Rules Around '20% Time'.Forbes.Com. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnkotter/2013/08/21/googles-best-new-innovation-rules-around-20-time/#7ae07abd2e7a Helft, M. (2008). A First for Google: Layoffs.Cnbc.Com. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/id/23933196 Jackson, A. (2014).Google: How Larry Page Sergey Brin Changed the Way We Search the Web(Vol. 10). Simon and Schuster. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R., Kynighou, A. (2016).Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers. Taormina, R. J., Gao, J. H. (2013). Maslow and the motivation hierarchy: Measuring satisfaction of the needs.The American journal of psychology,126(2), 155-177. Truong, A. (2016). When Google increased paid maternity leave, the rate at which new mothers quit dropped 50%.Qz.Com. Retrieved from https://qz.com/604723/when-google-increased-paid-maternity-leave-the-rate-at-which-new-mothers-quit-dropped-50/